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EYE HEALTH GUIDE
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Articles based on physician assessments about eye health, examination procedures, and frequently asked questions.
Keratoconus Treatment (Cross-Linking) Costs
Keratoconus is an eye condition in which the cornea gradually becomes thinner and bulges forwards. It may cause increasing astigmatism, frequent changes in prescription and reduced visual quality. Keratoconus treatment costs may vary depending on the stage of the condition, corneal thickness and the treatment method to be used. Cross-linking aims to strengthen the corneal […]
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Dermatochalasis (Sagging Eyelids)
Dermatochalasis is sagging caused by excess skin and tissue laxity in the upper or lower eyelid. It usually develops with age but may also appear earlier due to genetic characteristics. Excess skin on the upper eyelid may sag over the eyelashes and narrow the field of vision. In the lower eyelid, skin laxity and forward […]
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Cataract Present at Birth (Congenital Cataract)
Congenital cataract is a clouding of the eye's lens that is present at birth or develops early in life. Loss of lens transparency can prevent light from reaching the retina properly. The condition may occur in one or both eyes. The density and location of the cataract within the lens determine the extent to which […]
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Ectropion (Outward Turning of the Eyelids)
Ectropion is the outward turning of the eyelid margin away from the ocular surface. It usually affects the lower eyelid and may impair the eyelid's protective function. When the eyelid does not fully contact the ocular surface, tears cannot be distributed normally, and tear drainage may be disrupted. This may result in watering, redness, stinging […]
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Entropion (Inward Turning of the Eyelid)
Known medically as entropion, inward turning of the eyelid is an eyelid condition in which the eyelid margin turns towards the surface of the eye. It most commonly affects the lower eyelid, but in some cases it may also affect the upper eyelid. When the eyelid turns inward, the eyelashes and eyelid skin rub against […]
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Eyelid Disorders and Their Treatments
Eyelid disorders include conditions such as inflammation, styes, chalazia, drooping eyelids, inward or outward turning of the eyelids and eyelid masses. Treatment is planned according to the cause of the condition, its effect on the ocular surface and the examination findings. Eyelid disorders consist of various health conditions that affect the structure and movement of […]
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Trichiasis (Inward-Growing Eyelashes)
Trichiasis is an eyelid disorder in which the eyelashes emerge from their normal positions but grow in the wrong direction and come into contact with the ocular surface. Commonly known as inward-growing eyelashes, the condition may cause continuous irritation of the cornea or conjunctiva. Irritation, watering, redness and sensitivity to light are among the common […]
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What Is the Vitreous? How Are Vitreous Disorders Treated?
The vitreous is the transparent, gel-like structure located between the eye's lens and the retina that fills the back of the eye. It helps maintain the shape of the eye and allows light to reach the retina. It consists mainly of water and contains collagen fibres and hyaluronic acid. Ageing, trauma and certain eye diseases […]
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What Are Eye Diseases and Which Conditions Do They Include?
Eye diseases include health problems affecting the eyeball, optic nerve, eyelids and tear ducts. Structures such as the cornea, eye lens, retina and optic nerve each perform different functions in vision. A disorder in any of these structures may affect visual quality or eye comfort. Blurred vision, eye pain, redness, sensitivity to light and changes […]
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What Is Retinal Detachment? Symptoms, Causes and Treatment
The retina is a sensitive tissue located at the back of the eye that converts light into nerve signals. This layer works closely with the supporting tissues beneath it to maintain visual function. Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition that occurs when the retina separates from its normal position. Because the detached retina does […]
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What Is Dry Eye Syndrome? What Causes It? Symptoms and Treatment
Dry eye syndrome is an ocular surface disease caused by an imbalance in the tear film. It may occur when an insufficient amount of tears is produced or when tears evaporate more quickly than normal. When the ocular surface is not adequately protected, burning, irritation, redness and temporary blurred vision may occur. Ageing, prolonged screen […]
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Corneal Ulcer Symptoms, Causes and Treatment
A corneal ulcer is an open wound that develops in the transparent corneal layer at the front of the eye. It is most commonly caused by infections, although trauma, advanced dry eye or immune system disorders may also contribute in some patients. Visual quality may deteriorate as the damage to the corneal surface becomes deeper. […]
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